Lithuania

Lithuania

, officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a developed, high-income country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is known for its rich history, unique language, and strong pro-Western political orientation. 

Key Facts

• Capital and Largest City: Vilnius.

• Official Language: Lithuanian, one of the oldest surviving Indo-European languages.

• Currency: Euro (€) (EUR).

• Population: Approximately 2.8 million.

• Government: Unitary semi-presidential republic.

• Membership: Member of the United Nations, European Union (EU), Eurozone, Schengen Area, and NATO.

• Geography: Borders Latvia, Belarus, Poland, and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad. It has a short sandy coastline on the Baltic Sea. 

Economy

Lithuania has a modern, high-income economy with a focus on services, industry, and technology. 

• Growth: The economy rebounded strongly in 2024 and is projected to continue growing in 2025, driven by private consumption and investment.

• Key Sectors: Notable for its rapid development as a financial technology hub in Europe, as well as its high-speed internet infrastructure and laser production capabilities.

• Employment: The labor market is expected to remain tight, with rising wages, though a skills mismatch is present in some areas. 

Politics and Current Affairs (as of late 2025)

• Government Formation: Gintautas Paluckas was approved as Prime Minister in November 2024 after his Social Democrats (LSDP) party won the general elections.

• Foreign Policy: The new government is expected to maintain Lithuania's strong pro-Western stance and high defense spending, particularly in light of regional security concerns following Russia's invasion of Ukraine.

• Security Concerns: The government is considering a state-level emergency declaration amid security threats, including helium balloons from Belarus entering its airspace, and plans to increase compulsory military service call-ups.

• Domestic Issues: Political instability within the new ruling bloc and concerns over potential political pressure on the public broadcaster LRT are ongoing issues. 

Culture & Tourism

• Attractions: Highlights include the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Old Town of Vilnius, the historic Trakai Island Castle, the Hill of Crosses, and the natural beauty of the Curonian Spit.

• Cuisine: Traditional dishes often feature potatoes, such as cepelinai (potato dumplings), and a vibrant pink cold beetroot soup called Šaltibarščiai.

• National Sport: Basketball is extremely popular and considered the national sport.

• Visa Information: Travelers from the UAE generally require a Schengen visa to enter Lithuania. More information can be found on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania consular information site or through a service provider like VFS Global.